1-The first law state that energy can neither crated nor destroyed during a processs.it can only change form. ∑ Q- ∑ W = 0 ∑ Q=∑ W where ∑ represent the sump of complete cycle
2- The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative. In symbols, Q1-12=W Q2 = heat energy which rejected from the system
The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic systems. The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed. It states that the change in the internal energy ΔU of a closed system is equal to the amount of heat Q supplied to the system, minus the amount of work W done by the system on its surroundings. An equivalent statement is that perpetual motion machines of the first kind are impossible. The first law of thermodynamics is the application of the conservation of energy principle to heat and thermodynamic processes:The first law makes use of the key concepts of internal energy, heat, and system work. It is used extensively in the discussion of heat engines. The standard unit for all these quantities would be the joule, although they are sometimes expressed in calories or BTUs. It is typical for chemistry texts to write the first law as ΔU=Q+W. It is the same law, of course - the thermodynamic expression of the conservation of energy principle. It is just that W is defined as the work done on the system instead of work done by the system. In the context of physics, the common scenario is one of adding heat to a volume of gas and using the expansion of that gas to do work, as in the pushing down of a piston in an internal combustion engine. In the context of chemical reactions and processes, it may be more common to deal with situations where work is done on the system rather than by it.
1-The first law state that energy can neither crated nor destroyed during a processs.it can only change form. ∑ Q- ∑ W = 0 ∑ Q=∑ W where ∑ represent the sump of complete cycle
2- The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative. In symbols, Q1-12=W Q2 = heat energy which rejected from the system
1-The first law state that energy can neither crated nor destroyed during a processs.it can only change form.
ReplyDelete∑ Q- ∑ W = 0
∑ Q=∑ W where ∑ represent the sump of complete cycle
2- The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative.
In symbols, Q1-12=W
Q2 = heat energy which rejected from the system
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ReplyDeleteThe first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic systems. The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed.
ReplyDeleteIt states that the change in the internal energy ΔU of a closed system is equal to the amount of heat Q supplied to the system, minus the amount of work W done by the system on its surroundings. An equivalent statement is that perpetual motion machines of the first kind are impossible.
The first law of thermodynamics is the application of the conservation of energy principle to heat and thermodynamic processes:The first law makes use of the key concepts of internal energy, heat, and system work. It is used extensively in the discussion of heat engines. The standard unit for all these quantities would be the joule, although they are sometimes expressed in calories or BTUs.
It is typical for chemistry texts to write the first law as ΔU=Q+W. It is the same law, of course - the thermodynamic expression of the conservation of energy principle. It is just that W is defined as the work done on the system instead of work done by the system. In the context of physics, the common scenario is one of adding heat to a volume of gas and using the expansion of that gas to do work, as in the pushing down of a piston in an internal combustion engine. In the context of chemical reactions and processes, it may be more common to deal with situations where work is done on the system rather than by it.
1-The first law state that energy can neither crated nor destroyed during a processs.it can only change form.
ReplyDelete∑ Q- ∑ W = 0
∑ Q=∑ W where ∑ represent the sump of complete cycle
2- The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative.
In symbols, Q1-12=W
Q2 = heat energy which rejected from the system